Goddesses and Sexual Assault in Greek Myth

Goddesses and Sexual Assault in Greek Myth Everybody knows the accounts of Greek divine beings sexual experiences with mortal ladies, for example, when Zeus took Europa looking like a bull and violated her. At that point, there was the time he mated with Leda as a swan, and when he transformed poor Io into a cow in the wake of having his way with her. However, not just human ladies experienced rough sexual consideration the other gender. Indeed, even the most remarkable females of all - the goddesses of old Greece - succumbed to rape and provocation in Greek fantasy. Athena and the Snake Baby Patroness of Athens and all-around splendid godlikeness, Athena was appropriately pleased with her virtuousness. Lamentably, she wound up suffering provocation from individual divine beings - there was one, specifically, her relative, Hephaestus. As Hyginus relates in his Fabulae, Hephaestus moved toward Athena - whom he says consented to wed her sibling, in spite of the fact that that’s dicey. The lady of the hour to-be stood up to. Hephaestus was too eager to even think about keeping control, and, â€Å"as they battled, a portion of his seed tumbled to earth, and from it, a kid was conceived, the lower some portion of whose body was snake-formed.† Another record has Athena going to her metalworker sibling for some protective layer, and, after he endeavored to assault her, he â€Å"dropped his seed on the leg of the goddess.†Ã‚ Appalled, Athena cleared his sperm off with a bit of fleece and dropped it on the ground, incidentally treating the earth. Who was the mother, at that point, if not Athena? Why, Hephaestus’s own ancestress, Gaia, a.k.a. Earth. The youngster coming about because of Hephaestus’s endeavored assault of Athena was named Erichthonius - in spite of the fact that he may have been indeed the very same with his relative, the likewise named Erechtheus. Sums up Pausanias, â€Å"Men state that Erichthonius had no human dad, yet that his folks were Hephaestus and Earth.† Dubbed â€Å"earth-born,† as in Euripides’ Ion, Athena looked into her new nephew. Maybe that was on the grounds that Erichthonius was an intriguing individual - all things considered, he was to be ruler over her city of Athens. Athena stuck Erichthonius in a crate and folded a snake over him, at that point endowed the youngster to the little girls of Athens’ lord. These young ladies were â€Å"Aglaurus, Pandrosus, and Herse, little girls of Cecrops,† as Hyginus says. As Ovid describes in his Metamorphoses, Athena â€Å"ordered them not to get into its secret,† however they did anyway†¦and were either repulsed by the snake and infant cuddling - or the reality he mightve been half-snake - or were even made crazy by Athena. In any case, they wound up ending it all by bouncing off the Acropolis. Erichthonius ended up turning out to be lord of Athens. He set up the two his cultivate mother’s love on the Acropolis and the celebration of the Panathenaia.â Heras Hardly on Cloud Nine Not even the Queen of Olympus, Hera, was insusceptible to disturbing advances. For one, Zeus, her significant other, and the lord of the divine beings may have assaulted her to disgrace her into wedding him. Considerably after her wedding, Hera was as yet exposed to such repulsive frequencies. During the war between the divine beings and the Giants, the last raged their rivals’ home on Mt. Olympus. For reasons unknown, Zeus chose to make one monster specifically, Porphyrion, ache for Hera, whom he was at that point assaulting. At that point, when Porphyrion attempted to assault Hera, â€Å"she called for help, and Zeus destroyed him with a thunderclap, and Hercules shot him dead with an arrow.† Why Zeus wanted to risk his significant other so as to legitimize his homicide of a mammoth - when the divine beings were killing the beasts left and right - boggles the brain. This wasn’t the main time Hera was about assaulted. At a certain point, she had an impassioned human admirer named Ixion. So as to fulfill this guy’s desire, Zeus made a cloud that looked precisely like Hera for Ixion to lay down with. Not knowing the distinction, Ixion engaged in sexual relations with the cloud, which created the half-human, half-horse Centaurs. For venturing to lay down with Hera, Zeus condemned this man to be lashed to a wheel in the Underworld that turned constantly. This cloud-Hera had her very own long profession. Named Nephele, she wound up wedding Athamas, a ruler of Boeotia; when Athamas’s second spouse needed to hurt Nephele’s kids, the cloud woman popped her children onto a slam - who coincidentally had a Golden Fleece - and they took off. In a comparable scene to Hera and Porphyrion, the mammoth Tityus pined for Leto, the celestial mother of Apollo and Artemis. Composes Pseudo-Apollodorus, â€Å"When Latona [Leto in Latin] came to Pytho [Delphi], Tityus observed her, and overwhelmed by desire attracted her to him. Be that as it may, she called her kids to her guide, and they shot him down with their arrows.†Ã‚ Also, similar to Ixion, Tityus languished over his wrongdoings in existence in the wake of death, â€Å"for vultures eat his heart in Hades.† Holding Helen and Pursuing Persephone Clearly, rape on the perfect ran in Ixion’s family. His child by an earlier marriage, Pirithous, turned out to be closest companions with Theseus. Both folks made promises to steal and tempt (read: assault) little girls of Zeus, as Diodorus Siculus notes. Theseus abducted a pre-adolescent Helen and may have fathered a girl with her. That youngster was Iphigenia, who, in this adaptation of the story, was raised as Agamemnon and Clytemnestra’s child and seemed to be, obviously, yielded at Aulis all together for the Greek boats to get great breezes to sail to Troy. Pirithous envisioned considerably greater, yearning for Persephone, little girl of Zeus and Demeter and spouse of Hades. Persephone’s own better half seized and assaulted her, winding up driving her to remain in the Underworld a decent piece of the year. Theseus was hesitant to attempt to kidnap a goddess, yet he had pledged to support his companion. The two went into the Underworld, however Hades made sense of their arrangement and tied them. At the point when Heracles jogged down to Hades once, he liberated his old buddy Theseus,â but Pirithous stayed in the Underworld forever. Old Greece as a Rape Culture? Will we really distinguish assent or assault in Greek legend? In certain universities, understudies have mentioned trigger admonitions before talking about especially fierce Greek writings. The unbelievably vicious conditions that show up in Greek legends and appalling plays have driven a few researchers to regard antiquated Greek catastrophe a â€Å"rape culture.†Ã‚ It’s a fascinating thought; a couple of classicists have contended that sexism and assault are present day develops and such thoughts can’t be utilized successfully while assessing the past. For instance, from one point of view arguingâ for terms like â€Å"seduction† and â€Å"kidnapping† over â€Å"rape,† discredits the character’s anguish, while different researchers consider assault to be a commencement ritual or recognize casualties as the aggressors. The above theories can be neither affirmed nor denied however can introduce various contentions for the peruser to think about the two sides and to add a couple of more stories to the collection of enchantment or sexual viciousness in Greek fantasy. This time, there are accounts of the most noteworthy women in the land - goddesses - enduring as their female partners did.

Working With the UA Recycling Club Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Working With the UA Recycling Club - Essay Example In that offer, squander canisters will be set in the University and they will be plainly checked in order to recognize the sort of waste that goes in. All things considered, there will be a solitary waste receptacle that lone gathers squander paper as it were. At the point when the waste receptacles are full, the waste paper will be gathered in a greater waste paper holder. From that point, it will be taken to the reusing plant in order to be reused to new re-usable paper. This task may take as long as possible since paper is a ware that is utilized day in day out in the University. Thusly, squander paper is an item that will be gathered consistently from the deliberately positioned squander paper bins. The expenses to be brought about will generally be on the acquisition of waste paper receptacles which will for sure be not quite the same as the other waste canisters. The financing will most likely originate from the University as this is a school based initiative. The reusing of paper guarantees and ensures a maintainable situation. This is because of the explanation that trees would not be chopped down to create items, for example, paper. In that sense, the condition that we live in will be more secure from: The discharges of Green House Gases (GHG, for example, Carbon dioxide and Methane that dirty the air; Climate changes that lead to outrageous floods, extraordinary breezes and extraordinary sun rays. This venture proposition tries to make mindfulness on the significance of reusing paper to the understudies as opposed to discarding it as trash.â

MXE Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help

MXE Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Print What to Know About MXE Use By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 11, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on August 11, 2019 GreenZeb / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 3.0 More in Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Does MXE Do? Common Side Effects Signs of Use Myths & Common Questions Addiction & Withdrawal How to Get Help View All Back To Top The name MXE stands for methoxetamine, or its full name, 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino) cyclohexanone. MXE is a drug from the arylcyclohexylamines family of compounds. Arylcyclohexylamines also include ketamine and PCP, which are two drugs that have been around for decades and have been used for anesthesia in humans and animals. In contrast, MXE is a much more recently developed substance, which has been specifically developed and used as a recreational drug. MXE differs from ketamine on a molecular level. Initial reports indicate that despite its semi-legal status, MXE has longer-lasting and more intense effects than ketamine. There have not been any formal studies to demonstrate exactly how MXE works, but it is assumed to work in the same way that ketamine does by affecting the brains neurotransmitters and acting on their receptors. In addition to glutamate and aspartate one of the neurotransmitters thought to be affected is dopamine, which is associated with feelings of euphoria, and has a role in many addictions, including substance use disorders. Given the fact that it has only emerged as a recreational drug in the last decade, very little is known about how to manage the medical consequences of the drug, making it a risky substance to take. Also Known As: Methoxetamine is also known as MXE, m-ket (sometimes written as m ket), k max, k-maxx, kmaxx), mexxy (sometimes written as mexy, mexxi), mexxiem, mkat, mxxe, methoxatamine, methoxetimine, and methoxetamin. Drug Class: MXE is an arylcyclohexylamine. Its classified as a dissociative hallucinogen. Common Side Effects: MXE can cause increased energy, euphoria, auditory and visual hallucinations, disassociation (m-hole), severe ataxia, nystagmus How to Recognize MXE MXE is typically produced in the form of a white or off-white powder and may be labeled not intended for human consumption or sold as a research chemical. What Does MXE Do? There are several ways that people take MXE. Some take it orally or sublingually (under the tongue). Some take it by nasal insufflation  or snorting it into the nose. It can also be inserted into the rectum, where its absorbed into the bloodstream, or injected into a muscle. Doses typically range from 5 mg to 90 mg. If the drug is snorted, it can take 30 to 90 minutes to feel the effect, which can cause users to top-up or take more before the drug kicks in. This is a dangerous practice because the drug can build up in your system and lead to synergistic adverse effects. The effects usually last for one to three hours. If MXE is injected, the effects can begin within five minutes and last for as little as one hour. Like other psychoactive drugs, the MXE high is described as pleasurable and includes stimulant, relaxant, and dissociative effects. But MXE also has unpredictable and intense side effectsâ€"particularly with higher dosesâ€"that are extremely unpleasant both physically and psychologically. What the Experts Say MXE has been available on the Internet since 2010 through online chemical manufacturers and head shops who sell it as a research chemical and as a legal high. By being marketed as a research chemical, which is a way that designer drugs can be sold semi-legally, it can potentially get through a legal loophole. The lack of credible research evidence on MXE makes it a risky substance to take both in the short term and the long term. In the short term, if you suffer from acute complications of the drug, the doctors who try to help you in the emergency room will likely not be well-versed in what you have taken or how to best treat it. Information is not yet available on the long-term effects of MXE, so we dont currently know how taking MXE might affect your future mental or physical health, your fertility, or the health of your baby if you are pregnant or breastfeeding when you take it. Common Side Effects MXE has stimulant and dissociative effects, with the stimulant effects predominating at lower doses and the dissociative effects at higher doses. Depending on the set and setting and your personal reaction to the drug, you can experience an altered state of consciousness that can range from a dreamlike state to a terrifying  bad trip  experience of heightened, intense anxiety that can go on for several hours. Lower Doses (up to 20 mg):These feelings can continue as an afterglow for one to two hours after the main effects of the drug wear off. Feeling of calmnessIncreased energyEuphoriaDisconnection from problems and concerns Higher doses (40 mg to 50 mg):When taken in higher doses, the effects of MXE are much more intense (and more similar to related drugs like ketamine and PCP), including: Feelings of intense  intoxicationAnxietyAuditory and visual  hallucinationsFeeling disconnection from your bodySevere ataxia (lack of coordination and clumsiness)Nystagmus (a condition that causes involuntary shaking or wobbling of the eyes)Dissociation (often referred to as an m-hole parallel to the  k-hole  experience on ketamine) Marijuana  appears to intensify MXE in a negative way, causing severe disorientation and distress, slurred speech, and difficulty communicating. Users can also become hyperthermic and hyperpyrexic (high fever), which is potentially fatal. Hospital reports show that, while people can recover from MXE toxicity, this recovery period can require several days of hospitalization, with treatment including detox medication, intravenous fluids, and respiratory support. In addition, news stories have blamed several deaths on the consumption of the drug. Very little objective information is available about MXEâ€"most of it is anecdotal, posted on internet forums by users, or reported by emergency physicians who have dealt with acute cases. These individual reports give an idea of what someone says about their personal experience with the drug, but do not necessarily predict other users experiences. If you or anyone else has taken MXE and appear to be losing consciousness, call 911 immediately. Inform the paramedic that MXE was taken, as well as any other drugs or alcohol that were also consumed. The effects of MXE can be life-threatening. How to Recognize Signs of Drug Overdose Signs of Use If someone you care about is using MXE, you might notice the following signs: Changes in sleep habitsShifts in prioritiesSudden change in social networkIrritabilityMood changesPresence of drug paraphernalia Myths Common Questions New psychoactive substances or legal highs like MXE are not a safe, legal alternative to ketamineâ€"in fact, they are often more potent and unpredictable than the illicit drug they are designed to mimic. Tolerance, Dependence, and Withdrawal Anecdotal reports from users indicate that tolerance builds up quickly and that the drug has a high potential for addiction. Some users report taking high doses several times a day in an effort to maintain the positive effects on their initial low doses. This is often coupled with emotional difficulties and associated social problems. There is limited data regarding MXE dependence, but researchers believe that its similarity to ketamine may mean that it carries a similar risk of dependency. How Long Does MXE Stay in Your System? The length of time MXE stays in your system depends on several factors, including how much you take and how you take it (i.e., orally, snorted, or injected) as well as your age, metabolism, hydration, and activity levels. MXE is not detected via a standard urine toxicology screen. Addiction Addiction to MXE is certainly possible, especially since it is thought to affect the neurotransmitter dopamine, which signals the brain that a reward is on its way. When users experience a spike in dopamine levels, it reinforces the desire to use again and the brain requires more and more of the drug to achieve feelings of pleasure. The result: compulsive drug-seeking behavior. This can include spending large amounts of time seeking and using the drug and neglecting work and family responsibilities. As there is very little information available, many addiction counselors and medical staff may not have even heard of the drug, let alone know about the effects. This may make forming a therapeutic relationship and effective addiction treatment for this drug particularly challenging. Effective Drug Addiction Treatment Withdrawal Once people have developed a dependence on or addiction to MXE, they are likely to experience symptoms of withdrawal if they suddenly stop taking the drug. These symptoms can range from mild to serious and can impact the body and mind, including: Depressive thoughtsInsomniaMemory lossImpaired judgmentDisorientationClumsinessBody aches and pains Withdrawal From Drug Addiction How to Get Help While there is no specific treatment for MXE addiction, there are some proven treatment options that could help you or someone you love. Treatment may include supervised detox, rehab (inpatient, outpatient, or residential), cognitive-behavioral therapy, family therapy, support groups, relapse prevention, and medication for any co-occurring mental illnesses. If you have a problem with MXE use, talk to your doctor. Together, you can figure out the right treatment to begin the road to lasting recovery. Addiction Resources Dont wait to get help. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration has a national helpline (800-662-4357) as well as an  online treatment locator  to find mental health services in your area.

Managing Human Resource Management And Its Environment

Managing Human Resources In the book Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Sixth Edition by Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart and Wright, chapter one managing human resources gives an outline of human resource management, also known as (HRM), and its environment. Chapter one talks about the understanding, company performance, responsibilities, skills, ethics, and careers of human resource management. Many may know what HRM stands for, human resource management, but do we really know the true meaning and what it really consists of? I have done research and in this research paper I will provide a brief overview of chapter one. The first topic will be on the understand of human resource management; second, the company’s performance; third,†¦show more content†¦HR Policies Implementing policies, such as â€Å"working hours, pay information, safety measures, benefits and performance expectations are core topics to address in an employee handbook (Mayhew, 2016, para. 4).† This will help with building structure within the company. Policies are very important for a company because it helps the flow of the company. If there is no flow, then there will be many issues such as, lawsuits, safety concerns, unsatisfied employees, and possibly not enough man power. HR Practices Special practices will also need to be performed by HRM. These practices consist of: Analysis and design of work, HR planning, recruiting, selection, training and development, performance management, compensation, and employee relations. All of which are important practices when performing HR. Why is it important? If these practices are followed, employees will perform much better and to the best of their ability. HR Systems Some systems that are used to influence employees’ behavior, attitudes, and performance are: Planning, administering pay, benefits, training, developing employees, and managing their performance. These systematic ways will keep employees happy, healthy, and highly skilled as they work for the company. Without influence, employees’ will not have the right mindset and encouragement to help push them in the right direction to success. Without success, there is no energy, excitement, and drive. Helping employees’ develop, train to perform

Symptoms And Treatment Of Skin - 1446 Words

When asked about their major illnesses, the client stated to have hypertension, severe dyspnea, and edema. The client also stated that she suffered from a heart attack in the past, which was due to high blood pressure. Many of the client’s problems branched off from the heart attack and hypertension. For example, a heart attack and high blood pressure can cause heart failure, heart failure can cause pulmonary edema, and pulmonary edema can lead to swelling of the lower extremities and dyspnea (Grossman Porth, 2014). However, the most recent hospitalization for the client was due to severe edema, and trouble breathing. Severe edema is one of the major causes for impaired skin integrity. Skin integrity is defined as â€Å"the state in which an individual’s skin is at risk of being adversely altered† (kloop, Storey, Bronstein, 2012). There are three major factors that can relate to client’s skin alteration: decreased tissue perfusion, prolonged bed rest, an d pulmonary edema. One factor that can cause impaired skin integrity is decreased tissue perfusion. Decreased tissue perfusion refers to â€Å"decrease in oxygen resulting in failure to nourish tissues at the capillary level† (Wilson, 2012). Reduced tissue perfusion causes the body to become distressed because it is not receiving enough oxygen. This causes the blood to â€Å"shunt to the core of the body where the vital organs are located,† such as the heart and the brain (Grossman Porth, 2014). Since the client suffered fromShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Skin887 Words   |  4 Pages Skin tags are common, obtained benign skin buildup that looks like a small balloon of hanging skin. Skin tags are harmless growths that can range in numbers from one to hundreds. Males and females are alike liable developing skin tags. Being overweight is related with skin tag development. Although some skin tags may fall off unexpectedly, most stay once formed. The medical name for skin tag is acrochordon. 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How has Baz Luhrman used sound effects to appeal to a younger audience Free Essays

Baz Luhrman uses sound, music and speech to have an exiting and appealing effect on a younger audience. It helps us identify the characters, the Montague’s and Capulets, because we get a sense that these two groups are totally different and have a conflicting style of music to acquaint them. The various sounds effects used to help us, the audience, see the Montague’s ‘Boyz’ as cowardly and spineless and the music that they are listening too ‘The boys the boys†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ tells us that they are young boys not men this is reflected through their music. We will write a custom essay sample on How has Baz Luhrman used sound effects to appeal to a younger audience? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Whereas the sound effects with the Capulets are more bullying and sinister. Baz Luhrman helps the young audience judge clearly between these two gangs, and the music and SFX help the audience create a personal impression of them. The Montague’s are childish, juvenile, and loud, use toilet humour and are trying to be noticed; the Capulets comparison to the Montague’s are powerful, forceful, skilled fighters and are feared like criminals. At the start of the film Baz Luhrman has used a female newsreader. The newsreader is serious, straight – faced and straight to the point. It seems like a normal day to day news bulletin; also the background of the newsroom is a dark and sinister colour. Straight after that we hear the same monologue but it’s a male voice over. The voice over has a serious deep gravely voice also Irish, this, to the audience makes you want to listen more. As the voice over reads it much slower we can hear it clearer and as it’s the second time being read out we can understand what they are actually saying. While the voice over is speaking the audience can see continuous images being fired at the screen with key words from the monologue. Baz Luhrman has used sound and image to help us, the young viewers, understand Shakespeare’s language by being bombarded by sound and imagery. You can read also Audience Adaptation Paper The sound also creates tension, when the music is at a high pitch. We can hear high pitched voices, as if there were angles looking down or looking over what is happening. The voices could also represent what’s happening, as the two gangs are at war. The use of the helicopter sounds gives us a wider impression of what maybe happening, for example, war, fighting, battles and the landscapes. The Capulets are introduced by their own music. Their music has a sense of western; the viewers also get to hear the roar of their engine as it starts up. The audience is in anticipation when the fighting starts, it seems like the two gangs are waiting for a showdown, all is quite and the viewers are left waiting in fear for the first gun shot. The Montague’s are like ‘boy racers’ they really want to be noticed. They do this by shouting out, having their music turned up full blast. They use a lot of toilet humour as well as making gestures to the nuns. They live in this care free world where nothing else matters excepted them messing around ‘boys playing with their toys’. How to cite How has Baz Luhrman used sound effects to appeal to a younger audience?, Papers

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essays (577 words) - Freemasons,

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart The remarkable musician and composer by the name of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria in 1756. At the early ages of three and four, Wolfgang exhibited extraordinary powers of music memory and ear-sophistication. Leopold Mozart, Wolfgang's father, realized that his son was a true musical prodigy. He also realized that his best work wouldn't be his own, but in his son's future as a musician and composer. At about the age of three, Wolfgang spent hours at the piano discovering constant intervals and receiving systematic training from his father. Young Mozart also picked up violin playing practically by intuition alone. When Wolfgang was five, Leopold wrote him his first theme with a great deal of variations. At the age of eight, Wolgang undertook a concert tour with his father through out different areas of Europe. From this point on, young Mozart was constantly performing and writing music. Wherever he appeared, people gazed in amazement at his divine gifts. He was a true musical prodigy. By his early teens, Mozart mastered the piano, violin, and the harpsichord. W.A. Mozart performed up until 1788 when he decided to compose. He died in 1791 at the age of thirty-five. In Wolfgang's short life, he composed over six hundred works. These include 21 stage and opera works, 15 masses, over 50 symphonies, 25 piano concertos, 12 violin concertos, 27 concert arias, 17 piano sonatas, 26 string quartets?.the list is endless. His first major seria was Mitridate. Wolfgang performed this opera in Milan in 1770 when he was only fourteen. His first official opera was The Abduction from the Seraglio. This opera was first performed in Vienna and remained a big hit. W.A. Mozart's operas ranged from comic baubles to tragic masterpieces. Some foolish performers actually rejected playing under the direction of a twelve-year-old boy. Mozart was an exceptional composer as well as an all-star performer. In 1767, Mozart composed an opera buffa called, La Finta Semplice,? which came about as a huge hit. In 1788, Mozart returned to Salzburg as a concertmaster. He was recognized greatly throughout Europe. He halted his performances to stand clearly as a composer. The great musical master by the name of W.A. Mozart's individuality was of an exquisitely delicate, tender, and noble character. His operas, ? Don Juan?, ? The Magic Flute?, ? The Marriage of Figaro?, ? La Clemenza di Tito?, on account of their melodic beauty and truth of expression, have as strong a hold upon the affections of musical public today as they did at the end of the eighteenth century. Mozart's instrumental works continue to delight people all over the world. Although a great composer of the church, he doesn't receive great recognition in this area of his musical background. He is way more recognized for his operas and extravagant instrumental pieces. Mozart was a great musical genius who wrote pieces complete and perfect. Mozart brought the Viennese Classical style of music to its height. Although others such as Beethoven and Haydn had a skill in playing Viennese Classical style music, Mozart was way too unique and perfect for them to surpass. Mozart influenced people al l over the world by performing his musical wonders. Just to see a musical prodigy take over at an age of eight is enough motivation for anybody to accomplish anything. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a special unique person who we will never see replicated. Music

How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice Essays

How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice Essays How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice Essay How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice Essay Essay Topic: Merchant Of Venice Play The theme of bonds and promises referred to in the above question plays a key role in the The Merchant of Venice. It is play concerning the conflict and the legal bond between Antonio and Shylock as the main focus. Antonio, the merchant of Venice, is a generous man who promises to pay Shylock the money borrowed by his fellow friend Bassanio or else allow Shylock to cut off a pound of his flesh. Shylock, the moneylender, is despised because of his greed and also because he is a Jew. He is Antonios rival, and when the money he lent to Bassanio is not repaid he demands the pound of flesh that Antonio promised as a forfeit. This promise is written in a legally binding bond to which Shylock has every right to claim. We will now examine the outcomes from the promises in more detail. In Act 1 Scene 1 we meet Antonios closest friend, Bassanio, who he admits spending a great deal of money and tries to seek even more so that he can visit Portia, a rich heiress that he is in love with. We discover that there is friendship, loyalty, and trust between Antonio and Bassanio as they converse with one another: My purse, my person, my extremest means, Lie all unlockd to your occasions. This tells us that Bassanio is able to confide in Antonio, showing a stable friendship. In this extract Antonio seems to be the dominant figure out of the two. However as we read on, we discover that there is a shift in power: Then do but say to me what I should do That in your knowledge may by me be done, And I am prest unto it: therefore speak. This proves significant to the bond they have between them as it also shows that they have a balanced relationship. It is also effective in terms of informing the audience that their friendship is impenetrable. Further into The Merchant of Venice the conflict between Antonio and Shylock becomes evident. This plays an important role in the exchange of money as Antonio mentions that it is better to lend money to an enemy rather than a friend. As there will be no compassion to the enemy if the money cannot be repaid: But lend it rather to thine enemy; Who if he break, thou mayst with better face Exact the penalty. This initiates Shylocks idea for the penalty of a pound of Antonios flesh, to which it will be written in the physical, law-enforcing bond: Your single bond; and, in a merry sport Be nominated for an equal pound Of your fair flesh Shakespeare uses humorous language to portray this idea which ironically contrasts to the uneasy atmosphere for Antonio. It proves effective as the audience is unsure of whether Shylock meant for the idea of the penalty of the pound of flesh seriously or not. Either way Antonio agrees and seals this contract making it an unbreakable bond: Yes. Shylock, I will seal unto this bond As a general principle, Antonio neither lends nor borrows but in this case he makes an exception for Bassanio. This shows that Antonio is prepared to break one of his principles for him: Yet to supply the ripe wants of my friend, Ill break a custom. Again we see Bassanios loyalty as he refuses to allow Antonio to agree to this dangerous want from Shylock: You shall not seal to such for me: Ill rather dwell in my necessity. Subsequently Antonio and Bassanios bond is fortified showing the importance of relationships in The Merchant of Venice. Shakespeare has used the repetition of friendship and loyalty to emphasise the bond that the two friends have, proving its significance to the themes of bonds and promises. Not only is this platonic bonds between Antonio and Bassanio, there is also a father and daughter bond between Portia and her long gone father. Portia, a rich heiress that Bassanio has fallen in love with, has no choice about who she can marry. Before her father died, he left her his will being that her future husband would need to pass a series of riddles in order to gain her hand in marriage. Even though she does not agree with this system she is loyal to him and obeys his will, verifying the strong bond they have between the two: But this reasoning is not in the fashion to choose me a husband so is the will of a living daughter curbed by the will of a dead father. This bond is further reinforced when Bassanio arrives to challenge the riddles. Portia seems anxious and tries to persuade him to wait a few days before making his decision as she is in desperation for him to make the correct choice. However she withdraws herself from telling him the correct casket which shows significance to the theme of bonds as she still holds great respect for her father: I could tech you How to chose right, but then I am forsworn; As he chooses the correct casket the, bonds and the audience senses promises that are to be made within their marriage. This is important to above question as the theme of love is interlocked with the theme of bonds. Not only is there is idea of exchanges in their spiritual bond, but their love is also expressed symbolically by a ring: I give them with this ring; Which when you part from, lose, or give away, Let it presage the ruin of your love, And be my vantage to exclaim you. From this, the audience can deduce that bond between Bassanio and Portia has some sort of physicality to it. This plays an important role in promises within the marriage as it is a tradition to have the exchange of rings, thus reinforcing the theme of bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice. However this ring doesnt necessarily prove their true love to one another as later in the play Bassanio gives the ring away to a lawyer. To Bassanios unawareness, the lawyer is a disguised Portia. Portia tests Bassanios loyalty to her and asks for the ring as a thank you gift. Bassanio is reluctant to grant this want so Portia leaves; knowing that Bassanio has done right. Through when he has left the scene, Antonio gains success in persuading Bassanio to bestow the ring to the lawyer and Bassanio ruches off to do so. Even though Bassanio has broken this physical bond, the spiritual bond between him and his wife hasnt disappeared. He later confesses to Portia that he has given away the ring and explains why. Bassanio then asks for forgiveness to regain her trust: Pardon this fault, and by my soul I swear I never more will break an oath with thee The effect of this is that it shows the audience and themselves that the bond between them is reinforced and of great importance. It is a key role not only to the theme of bonds and promises but also to the theme of love. The other love theme that links in with the theme of bonds and promises is when Jessica elopes with Lorenzo. This shows that Jessica has chosen to break the relationship she had with Shylock for the relationship that she has for Lorenzo. The idea is significant in The Merchant of Venice as it may give an extension to the idea of how living with Shylock may have been like: Our house is hell This contrasts with the bond of loyalty between Portia and her father. Most importantly there is the bond in which Antonio has agreed to. This can be classed as the main focus in the play. In the trial scene of The Merchant of Venice, Shylock heavily demands this penalty that Antonio has agreed to. It is seen that the Duke has sympathy for Antonio using a demanding tone to try and persuade Shylock to discharge the bond, however he is unsuccessful and Shylock is unmoved: And by our holy Sabbath have I sworn To have the due and forfeit of my bond: Because of this contract, Shylocks stubbornness and strong-will surfaces, thus emphasising the importance of bonds in this play. Not only do we see Shylock in possession of these characteristics but one can also see that he is a smart man as he admits that his want for the bond is irrational and emotional: just as some people hate cats, or the sound of bagpipes. He cleverly justifies his this by using the following examples: Some, that are mad if they behold a cat; And others, when the bagpipe sings Master of passion, sways it to the mood Of what it likes, or loathes. The theme of this bond may be compared to a catalyst in a reaction as it seems to increase the pace of tension and suspense for the audience. It has also enabled Shylock to put through his opinions and to allow the people in the courtroom to acknowledge. Further on in the scene we see his demands for his bond, Antonios pound of flesh, becoming stronger and more dominant: I would have my bond. Again one can see the knowledge that Shylock possesses as he describes that if this contract is dismissed or changed, the legal system in Venice will take a sudden downfall and also many more exceptions would have to be made if this one is to be made as well: Is dearly bought; tis mine and I will have it. If you deny me, fie upon your law! Again we see the strong demand of Shylock as he is confident that he should get his bond. Shakespeare has heavily concentrated on this aspect of the bond that the audience is drawn in closer to the story as they are held in suspense. Not only do we see the legal bond in this scene but the bond between Antonio and Bassanio. The loyalty that Bassanio has for Antonio is great as he offers to pay Shylock double the amount that was lent, and even allow the latter to have his own flesh and blood: The Jew shall have my flesh, blood, bones, and all, Again this can be related back to the idea of bonds and promises as it shows that a physical bond doesnt have to exist in order to show the strength of a relationship. As the trial scene continues Portia, disguised as a lawyer, has enabled herself to go by a strategy where the contract for Antonios pound of flesh can be discharged. And in the end, is was not Antonio who lost, but it was Shylock as he was forced to surrender his money and be forced to convert into a Christian. This harsh result could be said to have come from the story line concerning the bond. This devastating point for Shylock may have kept the audience keen, and as a result it shows that the importance of bonds and promises play a key role in The Merchant of Venice.

Black Women Who Have Run for U.S. President

Black Women Who Have Run for U.S. President Black women are among the Democratic Party’s most loyal supporters. As such, they have buoyed everyone from white men to a black man and, now, a white woman to the top of the ticket. Unlike Hillary Clinton, a black woman has yet to win the Democratic Party’s nomination for president. But that doesn’t mean several haven’t tried. Multiple black  women have run for president- be it as Democrats, Republicans, Communists, on the Green Party ticket or that of another party. Get to know the African American women who tried to make history before Clinton did with this roundup of black female presidential candidates. Charlene Mitchell Many Americans have the mistaken belief that Shirley Chisholm was the first black woman to run for president, but that distinction actually goes to Charlene Alexander Mitchell. Mitchell ran neither as a Democrat nor a Republican but as a Communist. Mitchell was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1930, but her family later moved to Chicago. They lived in the famous Cabrini Green projects, and Mitchell took an early interest in politics, acting as a youth organizer to protest racial segregation in the Windy City. She joined the Communist Party USA in 1946, when she was just 16. Twenty-two years later, Mitchell launched her unsuccessful presidential bid with running mate, Michael Zagarell, the National Youth Director of the Communist Party. Given that the pair were only put on the ballot in two states, winning the election wasn’t just a longshot but simply impossible. That year wouldn’t be Mitchells  last in politics. She ran as an Independent Progressive for U.S. Senator from New York  in 1988 but lost to Daniel Moynihan. Shirley Chisholm Shirley Chisholm is arguably the most famous black woman to run for president. That’s because, unlike most of the black women on this list, she actually ran as a Democrat rather than on a third party  ticket. Chisholm was born on Nov. 30, 1924, in Brooklyn, New York. However, she grew up partly in Barbados with her grandmother. The same year that Mitchell launched her failed presidential bid, 1968, Chisholm made history by becoming the first black congresswoman. The following year she co-founded the Congressional Black Caucus. In 1972, she unsuccessfully ran for U.S. president as a Democrat on a platform in which she prioritized education and employment issues. Her campaign slogan was unbought and unbossed. Although she didn’t win the nomination, Chisholm served seven terms in Congress. She died New Year’s Day 2005. She was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015. Barbara Jordan Okay, so Barbara Jordan never actually ran for president, but many wanted to see her on the 1976 ballot and voted for the groundbreaking politician. Jordan was born Feb. 21, 1936, in Texas, to a Baptist minister father and a domestic worker mother. In 1959, she earned a law degree from Boston University, one of two black women that year to do so. The following year she campaigned for John F. Kennedy to be president. By this time, she set her own sights on a career in politics. In 1966, she won a seat in the Texas House after losing two campaigns for the House earlier. Jordan wasn’t the first in her family to become a politician. Her great-grandfather, Edward Patton, also served in the Texas legislature. As a Democrat, Jordan ran a successful bid for Congress in 1972. She represented Houston’s 18th District. Jordan would play key roles in both the impeachment hearings for President Richard Nixon and in the 1976 Democratic National  Convention. The opening speech she gave at the former focused on the Constitution and is said to have played a key role in Nixon’s decision to resign. Her speech during the latter marked the first time a black woman gave the keynote address at the DNC. Although Jordan did not run for president, she earned a single delegate vote for president of the convention.    In 1994, Bill Clinton awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom. On Jan. 17, 1996, Jordan, who suffered from leukemia, diabetes and multiple sclerosis, died of pneumonia. Lenora Branch Fulani Lenora Branch Fulani was born April 25, 1950, in Pennsylvania. A psychologist, Fulani became involved in politics after studying the work of Fred Newman and Lois Holzman, founders of the New York Institute for Social Therapy and Research. When Newman launched the New Alliance Party, Fulani became involved, running unsuccessfully for Lt. Governor of New York in 1982 on the NAP ticket. Six years later, she ran for U.S. president on the ticket. She became the first black independent and first female presidential candidate to appear on the ballot in each U.S. state but still lost the race.   Undeterred, she ran unsuccessfully for New York governor in 1990. Two years after that, she launched a failed presidential bid as a New Alliance candidate. She has since continued to be politically active.    Carol Moseley Braun Carol Moseley Braun made history even before she ran for president. Born Aug. 16, 1947, in Chicago, to a police officer father and medical technician mother, Braun decided to pursue a career in law. She earned her law degree from the University of Chicago Law School in 1972. Six years later, she became a member of the Illinois House of Representatives. Braun won an historic election in Nov. 3, 1992, when she became the first black woman in the United States Senate after defeating GOP rival Richard Williamson. This made her only the second African American elected as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate. Edward Brooke was the first. Braun, however, lost her reelection race in 1998. Braun’s political career didn’t come to  a halt after her defeat. In  1999, she became the U.S. ambassador to New Zealand  in which she served until the end of President Bill Clinton’s term. In 2003, she announced her bid to run for  president on the Democratic ticket but dropped  out of the race in January 2004. She endorsed Howard Dean, who also lost his bid. Cynthia McKinney Cynthia McKinney was born March 17, 1955, in Atlanta. As a Democrat, she served a half-dozen terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. She made history in 1992 by becoming the first black woman to represent Georgia in the House. She continued to serve until 2002, when Denise Majette defeated her. However, in 2004, McKinney won a seat in the House once more when Majette ran for Senate. In 2006, she lost reelection. The year would also prove to be a difficult one, as McKinney faced controversy after reportedly slapping a Capitol Hill police officer who  asked her to present identification. McKinney ultimately left the Democratic Party and ran unsuccessfully for president on the Green Party ticket in 2008.    Wrapping Up Several other black women have run for president. They include Monica Moorehead, on the Workers World Party ticket; Peta Lindsay, on the Party for Socialism and Liberation ticket; Angel Joy Charvis; on the Republican ticket; Margaret Wright, on the People’s Party ticket; and Isabell Masters, on the Looking Back Party ticket.

Estimate the five operating expenses for each of the past three fiscal Essay

Estimate the five operating expenses for each of the past three fiscal years, and evaluate what operating leverage, if any, was applied each year - Essay Example According to both financial statements the five costs are Cost of Revenue, Research and Development, Selling General and Administrative Expenses, Non-Recurring and Others. For the sake of simplicity, Cost of Revenue and Selling, General and Administration Expenses would be regarded as Variable Cost and the other expenditure as Fixed Cost. From the Income Statement Extract for 2003 (Fig 2), it is clear that PFIZER operated with a higher degree of operating leverage than GlaxoSmithKline. This is evident in the company's fixed cost percentage as PFIZER's fixed cost position is 2% higher that its competitor. The fact that PFIZER has a substantial amounts of capital tied up in its fixed assets and in particular in Research and Development Expenditure, would account for its higher operating leverage. It should be of no surprise therefore, that PFIZER's Research and Development accounts for over 50% of its total fixed cost. GlaxoSmithKline may have been a little more conservative since its Research and Development Expenditure spans only 5% of its total fixed cost. The strategy therefore would be for PFIZER to reduce its fixed cost percentage and thus enable itself to manage its risks. It has successfully done so in December 2004 (Fig 3) and as a result its operations have expanded by 13%. GlaxoSmithKline, on the other hand, operating income expanded by only 3% despite the reduction of its operating leverage. This is owing to the fact that its revenue of $39 Billion only increased by 3%. Fig 4 According to Fig 4, the Operating Income of GlaxoSmithKline has improved by an additional 4% where as PFIZER fell by 5%. PFIZER operating leverage has increased again and hence would account for the fall in Operating Income by $3 Billion. It was clear that GlaxoSmithKline managed its operating leverage better and hence reduces its risk. Conclusion The question, which may arise, is whether PFIZER is in a better situation than GlaxoSmithKline The truth is "leverage is neither good or bad"(Schmedt May 1998). Each company must assess the amount of risk it is willing to take while striving to achieve its corporate objectives. It is important to understand the company's cost structure to enable management to make effective decisions so that it can compete effectively and achieve the competitive advantage it so desires. References Fred Schmedts, The concept of Operating Leverage : The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation http://www.noble.org/Ag/Economics/OperatingLeverage/index.html Glaxosmithkline PLC Financial Statements December 2003 to December 2005 - Yahoo Finance http://finance.yahoo.com/q/iss=GSK&annual PFIZER Inc Financial Statements December 2003 to December 2005 - Yahoo Finance http://finance.yahoo.com/q/iss=PFE&annual Buccino, Gerald P. and Kraig S. McKinley, "The Importance of Operating Leverage in a Turnaround," Secure Lender (September / October 1997),

Anishinaabe change maker Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anishinaabe change maker - Term Paper Example Much has been borrowed from her scholarly work as well as joint writing that reflect on her early life and personal contributions as an author and as a visionary politician. To bring or promote an acceptable positive change is a tasking accomplishment and contributions of Winona LaDuke cannot go unrecognized. She was brought up on a time when there was massive loss of land from her community a time in history when Ojibwa were reduced to inhabit reserves, which they only controlled about 10% of the land (Silverstone 91). The main factor influencing the need for a change was the immediate impacts related to land loss including unemployment and social problems such as poverty as well as the charge from her father who was an established activist on treaty rights and tribal issues (LaDuke 75). There was a dire need to re-establish the fading standards within the community and to ensure that they did not remain victims of land loss at any particular time. Winona LaDuke engagement in advanced studies and politics also influenced her role in championing for a change since this was the high time that she integrated with people social lives and learnt about their needs and existing community gaps. For instance, while undertaking her masters in community economic development LaDuke moved to White Earth where she was highly involved in local activities, which compounded her charge to engage in local tribal issues, and struggled to recover lands for Anishinaabe by practically all means possible (LaDuke 85). Her achievements are mainly embedded on the observable results and being an integral team player in instituting organizations which their central role was fighting for the well being of the marginalized or disadvantaged. As an activist LaDuke was an elemental team player in establishing and sustaining the Indigenous Women Network (1985), a center for affirmative action and social development that publicized forced sterilization and in turn activated a change for the

America - Argumentitive Essay :: essays research papers

Argumentative Essay â€Å"That Australia Should Resist American Influence† - Against For over 50 years now, the United States of America have been a source of inspiration for the people of our great nation. We watch their TV shows, listen to their music, eat their food, and this is all before we leave for work in the morning! Like it or not, America has had a positive influence on Australia, and their is no reasonable explanation to support an abandonment of it. Sure, people may choose to argue that Australia is a country that can stand on it’s own two feet and make it’s way up the world’s political, social and economic scale on it’s own, that is a childish fantasy. To resist American influence is in no way possible or even feasible. We have an extremely high import rate from America. Where would we be without our weekly dose of ‘Friends’ or ‘Chicago Hope’? What childhood wouldn’t be complete without memories of Coca-Cola and bubble gum? It is not just the petty things we ferry in that we can thank America for. Where would our small business community be if it weren’t for American franchises such as ‘Dominoes’ and ‘Baskin Robbins’? Where would out large businesses be without the aid of computer technology, which was so kindly invented by Mr. Bill Gates? If we stand back for a moment and take a long hard look at the things we make use of every day, wouldn’t it be fair to say that at least 80% of them have American foundations? To give these up at the drop of a hat, so we can demonstrate our originality is ludicrous. We would have the world laughing in our faces, due to our naivetà ©. It is a nice thought to be completely independent, but the re is no chance of it happening in the near future. But, for arguments sake, let’s just say we did, where would we be? Australia has had moments of brilliance, but on a whole, we are fairly quiet folk. When we have had the pleasure of being the center of attention, it is usually because we have made some fangle-dangle movie that takes the mickey out of ourselves.

Calcium Absorption Essay

In order to determine the content of calcium and magnesium in an unknown sample of limestone, the utilization of atomic absorption spectrophotometry can help in deciphering the unknown concentrations of each molecule in the limestone sample. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry, emits radiation of the correct frequency that is passed through a flame and the intensity of the transmitted radiation is measured?. The calcium concentration or ppm can be measured using the absorbance of the solution and comparing it to a standard curve for calcium?. Whereas magnesium, needs to be determined using the standard addition method. The concentrations of each respective molecule can be presented as CaO and MgO percentages of the unknown limestone sample. Materials and Methods The compound calcium carbonate (CaCO3, CAS: 471-34-1, 204. 89ppm) was utilized to compare its absorbance to the unknown sample of limestone # 8066 on the standard curve. Moreover, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4*7H2O, CAS: 10034-99-8, 40. 8ppm) was also utilized to compare its absorbance against that of the unknown. Lab personnel from the CSU Eastbay department of chemistry stockroom performed all calibrations on the Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 300 atomic absorption spectrometer. All chemicals used in this experiment were obtained from the CSU Eastbay department of chemistry stockroom. A Denver Instrument Co. Sargent-Welch analytical balance was used to determine the mass of the unknown, mass of calcium carbonate, and mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate. A Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 300 atomic absorption spectrometer equipped with a Lumina Calcium and Magnesium Lamp was used to determine the absorbance. The instrument used Argon and Acetylene as the carrier gas and oxidant gas, respectively.

Dracula Metaphor for Human Evil - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2117 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Dracula Essay Did you like this example? In Bram Stokers gothic novel Dracula, there is a strong distinction between characters of good and characters of evil. The human group of Jonathan, Mina, Van Helsing, and Dr. Seward relentlessly attempt to destroy the evil monster Dracula through the need of survival and revenge throughout the novel, solidifying the unremitting conflict between good and evil taking place in Dracula. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dracula: Metaphor for Human Evil" essay for you Create order By analyzing Dracula through the formalist lens, and hence analyzing the relationship between form and meaning in the novel, several themes and messages relating to the idea of good against evil are made evident throughout Dracula. Therefore, through various contrasts in character elements, point of view, setting, and symbols, Stoker is able to reinforce Draculas central theme of good against evil. Character elements are essential in Dracula for establishing the personalities and motives of characters and are furthermore essential in exhibiting the role that characters play in the battle of good against evil throughout the novel. One character element that helps establish Draculas role as an evil figure in Dracula is his horrifying appearance. Mina Marker, upon seeing Dracula bite Lucy in front of an Abbey in Whitby, describes Draculas countenance in shock, exclaiming, What it was, whether man or beast, I could not tell I could see a white face and red, gleaming eyes (Stoker 92). Not only does Mina describe Dracula as being physically horrifying by emphasizing the look of his gleaming red eyes and pale white face, but she also associates him with words such as beast and monster as the novel progresses. Draculas terrorizing appearance, combined with his association with evil creatures and terrible beasts, characterizes him as an evil figure himself, establishing his role as an evil entity in the battle of good against evil in Dracula (Roth 110). While Draculas character elements establish him as the epitome of evil in Dracula, Mina Markers character elements establish her as a symbol of pure good. Mina is loved by all her human counterparts, and is described by characters such as Van Helsing and her husband Jonathan as being the beautiful, level-headed mother-figure that keeps the group motivated and able to continue their fight against Dracula (Senf 28). Mina, being loved by all for all her noble and sweet qualities, is thus the prize for which the men battle Dracula and a symbol for the Good for which everyone fought (Senf 29). Therefore, is it through Minas nurturing, mother-like care for the men that the human group is able to persist in their fight against Dracula and solidify their role as figures of good in the constant fight between good and evil taking place throughout Dracula. Dracula is told through multiple different point of views throughout the novel, with characters such as Jonathan, Mina, Dr. Seward, and Van Helsing recording their experiences through letters, diary entries, recordings, and journals. The human group, sharing their experiences and emotions in the forms of writings and recordings, are therefore able to translate the unity expressed in their recordings to action when they finally come together to defeat Dracula at the end of the novel (Senf 33). The overall teamwork and unity that allows the human group to triumph over Dracula, is therefore reinforced by a narrative strategy that emphasizes the need for unity and teamwork (Senf 33). The combined, unified efforts of the humans that are expressed through multiple different point of views exemplify the necessity of teamwork and unity that is vital in goods attempt to defeat evil. Dracula, unlike the human group whose every thoughts and emotions are expressed through multiple modes of communication, is not given a voice at any point throughout the entire novel. While the humans are all allowed individual voices in which they are able to express their emotions of fear, love, and anger, Dracula must never be allowed a voice, a discourse, a point of view: he must remain the unknowable all the presented discourses are those of the good and novel (Wood 179). Similarly, while characters such as Jonathan and Mina are allowed to express their point of views and are able to appeal to the audience through thoughts and actions of courage and selflessness, Dracula is never given a chance to appeal to the audience or is allowed to express his motives. Henceforth, through only allowing characters of good to have a voice in Dracula, Stoker emphasizes the humanity and relatability in characters of good while leaving Dracula, a character of evil, in complete silence and isolat ion (Wood 179). The human group, unlike Dracula, are allowed to express their point of views through their individual methods of communication. By expressing their personal emotions and reactions to horrid events by recording their feelings and thoughts, the audience is able to fully empathize with the humans and thus empathize with good in the overall battle between good and evil. Jonathan, writing in his journal after being warned by the Count not to fall asleep outside of his room at night, exclaims, Great God! Merciful God!The Counts mysterious warning frightened me for in the future he has a fearful hold upon me! (Stoker 37). Jonathan, by candidly expressing his fear and vulnerability while being held captive in Draculas castle, is able to extract feelings of empathy from the audience, thus solidifying the idea of good being favored whilst struggling against evil. Throughout the entirety of Dracula, Stoker represents the manifestation of evil and the physical conflict between good and evil through vivid descriptions of contrasting settings. Stoker, by representing the presence of evil through the illustration of horrid settings, allows the audience to witness the physical battle between good and evil taking place in Dracula, such as when Jonathan first lays eyes upon Draculas castle. Jonathan, upon first arriving at Draculas massive castle, records in his journal, the driver was in the act of pulling up horses in the courtyard of a vast ruined castle whose tall black windows came no ray of light, and whose broken battlements showed a jagged line against the moonlit sky (Stoker 14). As Jonathan notes in his journal, Draculas castle is overwhelmingly dark, jagged, and ruined, images that are all associated with corruption and evil. Shortly after, as Jonathan fearfully enters Draculas terrifying, eerie castle, evil is quite literally attempting t o consume good, therefore representing the one of the many physical clashes between good and evil in Dracula (Wood 179). While Draculas castle is corrupted by evil throughout the entire novel, the once peaceful town of Whitby is contrastingly attacked by evil upon Draculas arrival. The tranquil, serene town of Whitby, where Mina and Lucy would often spend their days contentedly overlooking the bordering sea, is suddenly turned sour and dark upon the sudden arrival of the beast Dracula. According to a cut out from THE DALIGRAPH that Mina Market pasted in her journal, a terrifying tempest had overtaken the town and sea, as the waves rose in growing fury the wind roared like thunder and the whole sky overhead seemed trembling under the shock of the footsteps of the storm (Stoker 78). Dracula, who was on board the ship arriving at Whitby during the horrible storm, had thus infested the once tranquil town of Whitby with his infectious horridness (Senf 22). Therefore, through the rapid change in state of Whitby, nature is reflecting Draculas evilness invading a setting of peacefulness and good. Draculas evilness is furthermore reflected in the setting of Dr. Sewards asylum. Dr. Seward often notes the horrid state of his asylum, recording in his diary, It was a shock to me to realize the grim sternness of my own cold stone building, with its wealth of breathing misery (Stoker 117). Dr. Sewards asylum, after being invaded by the monster Dracula, is the place in which Mina is bitten by Dracula and marked impure. Mina, being loved by all her human peers for being humble and pure, is thus taken advantage of in her vulnerable state by being corrupted by Dracula in this horrid asylum, thus marking the asylum as the arena for a psychomachia in which the madman is simultaneously the locus of the edifices vulnerability (Roth 108). Draculas evil actions of preying on Minas state of vulnerability and innocence are reflected in the overall appearance of Dr. Sewards asylum, the setting in which Draculas vicious actions took place, solidifying the settings role in reflecting the actions of evil corrupting good. In Dracula, physical objects are repeatedly mentioned and vividly described to symbolize several contrasting elements between good and evil. The crucifix, being repeatedly utilized and mentioned throughout the novel, symbolizes the idea of goodness and purity itself, as the crucifix literally repels Dracula and all forms of evil away from it. Jonathan, recalling Draculas peculiar encounter with a crucifix, remembers that the crucifix made an instant change in him, for the fury passed so quickly that I could hardly believe that it was ever there (Stoker 26). Dracula, worshipping his ego and taste for blood and chaos above all else, cannot stand to bear the sight or touch of the crucifix, as it represents the purity and cleanliness that he does not have within himself (Herbert 65). The crucifix, with its power to repel all forces of evil in Dracula, symbolizes the idea that purity and goodness will always triumph against evil, as the sacred crucifix acts as a barrier against the evil c reature Dracula. Alike the symbol of the crucifix in Dracula, mirrors similarly represent the rejection of evil by an object of good. When Jonathan peers into his mirror he sees a reflection of himself, as he is a character of pure good, but when Dracula looks into the mirror he is met with a blank reflection. Jonathan recalls Draculas lack of reflection upon peering into the mirror in his journal, writing, there was no reflection of him in the mirrorThere was no sign of a man in it, except myself (Stoker 26). Henceforth, the mirror in Dracula symbolizes the idea of truthfulness and sincerity, as when Jonathan, a man of truthfulness, peers into the mirror he is able to see his reflection, while when Dracula looks into the mirror he finds himself unable to reflect in the mirror of Truth (Herbert 63). The mirror in Dracula therefore symbolizes the rejection of evil and acceptance of good, as the mirrors reflection of Jonathan, a character of good, contrasts with its immediate rejection of Dracula, a ch aracter of evil. The symbol of blood in Dracula contrastingly represents the physical and psychological transition from good to evil. Mina, while being in a vulnerable dream-like state in Dr. Sewards asylum, is forced to drink Draculas tainted blood, as she shakenly describes to her fellow humans, recalling, he seized my neck and pressed my mouth to the wound, so that I must either suffocate or swallow some of the-Oh, my god! (Stoker 295). As soon as Minas mouth touched Draculas impure blood, Mina began her transition from good to evil, as when she is seduced by Dracula, she is unclean tainted, and stained (Roth 121). Minas newfound impurity is later reflected in her appearance as her forehead becomes stained in the shape of a crucifix as her body, now filled with Draculas impure blood, cannot handle the touch of the pure, holy crucifix. Minas mind is similarly corrupted as she becomes continually disassociated from reality by forming a mind link with the creature Dracula, thus exemplifying the symbo l of blood in transitioning Mina from a woman of good to a woman corrupted by evil. By examining Dracula through the formalist lens, and by henceforth connecting Draculas theme to the form of the novel, it is evident that Stoker is able to reinforce the theme of good against evil by placing extreme emphasis on particular literary devices. Stoker, through the contrast and reliance upon character elements, point of view, setting, and symbols, is able to connect the form of Dracula to the perpetual fight between good and evil taking place between the resilient, good human group and the evil beast Dracula. Stokers emphasis on literary techniques perpetuate the contrast between good and evil taking place throughout the novel, and furthermore exemplify the central theme of Dracula, the fight between good and evil. 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