Marriott Forecasting Essay Example

Marriott Forecasting Paper This case involves the study of the Hamilton Hotel and the use of forecasting to help predict their demand on a specific day. Marriott Hotels operated the Hamilton hotel. Marriott has been known for a culture that puts people first. Marriott is recognized worldwide for their enduring values, their spirit to serve, and their corporate commitment to creating better places to live and work. 1) Critical Issue: The critical issue is the manager has to choose either to accept up to 60 additional room reservations for Saturday or not. ) critical Facts: The hotel loses revenue if the room is vacant for one night. Customer service is a priority for Marmots hotel. Customers often cancel reservations in the last minute or they dont show up. Sometimes, customers stay in the hotel for an additional date beyond their original reservation. Sometimes, customers checked out early. Every Tuesday, the manager needs to prepare a forecast for the follow week occupancy for each day from Saturday to Friday . If the hotel meets targets for occupancy ND revenue, hotel managers will be reward for their performance. The hotel has 1877 rooms. On Tuesday, August 18, 1 987 the manager received a reservation request for up to 60 rooms from a tour company for Saturday August 22. Although 1 839 rooms were reserved already for Saturday. The contribution margin from a room was about 590. The cost for denial a room would be about twice the contribution figure. Frequent guests are the customers that stay more than 45 nights a year in the hotel. ) Analysis: In order to forecast the expected demand in the short term and make the eight decision for Snow either to accept up to 60 rooms, first we decided to look at the historical daily demand for the last 13 weeks and analyze the demand pattern. In graph 1, given data shows peaks and valleys, has no trend and shows seasonal variations in time series. It is difficult to forecast an accurate future demand for this data without using the seasonal forecasting method. Graph 1 When analyzing Pickup Ratio (Demand/Tuesday Bookings) for each Saturday, we can see that most ratios are less than 1. 00. We will write a custom essay sample on Marriott Forecasting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marriott Forecasting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marriott Forecasting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer If reservation manager, Snow, decides to accept 60 rooms reservation from the tour company, she will overbook 22 rooms. As we know, 1839 rooms have been already reserved and she can give only 38 additional rooms. If she accepts 60 rooms reservation and there are no cancellations, she will have to accommodate additional 22 room requests providing with a comparable room in a different hotel somewhere in the city, transporting the quest, giving ratify such as fruit bucket. According to the text, if a customer is a frequent guest (Marquis cardholder), he or she would received $200 cash plus next two stays at the Marriott for free. Also, the approximate cost for denying a room is about $180. For 22 rooms it will be $3,960. If she decides not to overbook 22 rooms, she might be missing 22*90 = $1 ,980 Of revenue. Moreover, she might be losing an opportunity to establish a good relationship with the tour company, who may book steady numbers of 60 rooms on Saturdays in the future. This would generate additional profit, since we know from historical data that Saturdays are always under booked. Given a very low variable costs and marginal profit of 90$, it is a great opportunity for Snow to maximize profit during one of the slowest day of the week Saturdays (according to DOD indicator). However, she has to forecast demand for Saturday to make sure that she will have those rooms available. Denying a guest with reserved room can be very costly, especially for loyal customers and negatively reflect on hotels reputation. 4) Recommendations Effectiveness: We are recommending that the hotel accept the request from the tour company for up to 60 rooms. It was important for us to have the multiple forecasts and use the one with the lowest mean absolute deviation (MAD) before we made our decision. You Will see in the excel attachment that the seasonal forecast did in fact produce the lowest MAD and produced a forecast extremely close to the previous actual data. According to the seasonal forecast the hotel is expected to have 1,787 guests show up out of the 1,839 that were booked.

Vocabulary Tips Is Thank You One Word or Two

Vocabulary Tips Is Thank You One Word or Two Vocabulary Tips: Is Thank You One Word or Two? People often thank us for our proofreading. But even gratitude can cause spelling problems! In particular, it can be tricky to know whether to write thank you, thankyou, or even thank-you. So, is â€Å"thank you† one word or two? Check out our guide to find out. Thank You as Two Words As a verb phrase, â€Å"thank you† is always two words. Or to put it another way, you should always use two words for the act of thanking someone: Thank you for walking my dog. We can also use this term as a noun (i.e., something given as thanks): I’ll send your mom some flowers as a thank you. Or we can use it as an adjective to modify another noun: I received a thank you note in the mail today. So no matter how you are using â€Å"thank you,† you can write is as two words. Thankyou as One Word Until recently, writing â€Å"thankyou† as a single word was generally considered an error. And some people still don’t like it! But the single-word version of this term is more common now than it used to be, especially as a noun or an adjective. For instance: I’ll send your mom some flowers as a thankyou. I received a thankyou note in the mail today. Alternatively, some people hyphenate â€Å"thank-you† when using it as a noun or adjective. So we could rewrite the examples above as follows: I’ll send your mom some flowers as a thank-you. I received a thank-you note in the mail today. However, you cannot use these versions of the term as a verb. And you should not write â€Å"thankyou† or â€Å"thank-you† at all in formal writing unless you’re sure your style guide permits it. Summary: Is Thank You One Word or Two? In American English, we almost always write â€Å"thank you† as two words. This applies whether you use it as a verb phrase, a noun, or an adjective. However, other versions are gaining acceptance. How you write â€Å"thank you† may thus depend on how you use it: As a verb phrase, always use two words (e.g., Thank you for your time). As a noun or an adjective, you can write it as two words, as a single word, or with a hyphen. However, some still consider writing it as a single word incorrect, so use two words in formal writing. And if you’d like someone to check your writing, get in touch with Proofed.

Book ReviewPractices of Looking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Book ReviewPractices of Looking - Essay Example The work of Pierre Bourdieu is one such example, where in this procedure the images call upon the subjects that can be put in a frame work with exact principles and philosophy, it offers more profound introduction to the model of thoughts or principles, in the course of a short lived summary of the idea during the exertion of Marx, Althussor and Gramsci. The chapter argues about the approach that should be in balance with the supposition of principles, only those who can believe the clout of governing principles or thoughts as well as the role played by the viewers in constructing the implifications. The chapter 2 draws out quiet a few hypotheses that tackle the confrontations of texts and viewers, together with Stuart Hall's theory of encoding/decoding, the plans of fraud and contradictory reading (as Chicano Mural painting by an AIDS activist work, and the works of artists such as Barbara Kruger, and gender bending readings of Hollywood film). The chapter shells out special attention to the plans made by some viewers who challenge on the basis of such strategy to modify the actual meaning of the images and texts, so that they would shape it according to their ideology. The chapter converses the practical ideas of the gaze in Cinema and Art history, investigates and examines all possible ways in which such theories could be updated in compliance to the changing concepts of spectatorship, theories of identity of lesbian/gay and gender analysis, as well as to discover the novel ideas in making films, bringing out new styles in presenting images and the very need to marketing through advertisement that makes men to gaze while providing first of its kind like pieces of work to view for the spectators. The chapter gives the relative aspects of gaze with queries of power; putting forward some of the central preassumptions of Michael Foucault on panoptician, power/knowledge, discourse. The power of gaze is compared to the role of photography in working out the modern authorities through institutions to examine in hospitals and prisons, and in anthropology and advertising exotic new mages are discussed. The chapter ends with a small chat of how the critique of Orientalism and postcolonial theory could assist us to recognize gazes upon and "other" images. Source http://www.oup.co.uk/oxfordtextbooks/media/sturken/r_mla.html

Women Serving On the Front Line of Battlefield Research Paper

Women Serving On the Front Line of Battlefield - Research Paper Example This is based on the limited barriers that currently limit the presence and roles of women in the field. In as much as women should be accorded similar roles in the military, as their male counterparts, it is necessary to acknowledge their limitations that significantly depart from the roles of men. Summary and explanation of issue Women have begun playing an increasingly fundamental role on especially on the frontline during battles. It is fundamental to acknowledge that the need to attain gender parity in Pentagon has led to the enacting of laws that exalt the position of women working in the military sections. Previously, American women were barred from participating in direct combat roles. However, the changes in the nature and characteristics of the war have made the soldiers to be constantly in war. This means that women are always forced to participate in direct combat regardless of the ensuing challenges. This has made pentagon to advocate for additional roles for women in th e frontline of the battles. For example, congress has been recommending the introduction of close to 14,000 jobs for women serving in the frontline during battleground. According to Gass & John (4) â€Å"persuasion is powerful, and often positive social force†. ... These leaders would eventually their concerns to congress with the intention of contributing to the policy process. It is equally fundamental to acknowledge that the women have been advancing to the front of the battle lines by themselves to assert their authority. This has been vital to their empowerment and progress. The pentagon is equally a major stakeholder because it advises the congress concerning fundamental issues affecting women fighting at the front line in the battlefields. According to Gass & John (5) these are opinion leaders are influential who shape information and ideas through persuasion. It is evident that the pentagon initiates the policies formulated by congress. Consequently, it advertises the available positions within the military and allocates several roles. It is evident that the strategies that the entity has used to advance its persuasion process include formal announcements, advertisements and holding meetings with the women working in the military. The P entagon plays a neutral position in the entire occasion because it attempts to attain the highest degree of professionalism. Furthermore, it represents the needs of several persons who are not necessarily women in the front line. This means that it has to be extremely balanced in its approach. The final category incorporates congress that formulates laws determining whether women should participate in battles at the front line. According to Gass & John (23) purse persuasion seems to apply to the congress because it assumes a neutral position by allowing various personnel to voice their concerns. However, it ultimately represents the needs of the

This document needs reivison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

This document needs reivison - Essay Example Most specifically, the report had serious grammatical and mechanical errors and lacked coherence as well as flow of ideas. As such, the report was vague and difficult to read and understand. Most assuredly, I have recently stated my dissatisfaction and warned you against presenting such wanting reports but you have not demonstrated any attempt towards addressing these concerns. Although I appreciate your continued positive input and creativity to the firm, I feel that your poorly written report is demeaning the image and reputation of our esteemed firm. It should be clear that future reports should strictly follow the established writing standards and the report guidelines set out by the firm. Any employee who needs assistance in adhering to the writing guidelines defined by the firm should seek relevant help from the management or attend various in house workshops held in our firm. Indeed, professionals in the corporate scene provide significant information to employees attending the monthly in house workshops. Moreover, I am always available to offer any assistance geared towards your success and that of the company. Nevertheless, you should beware that this is your last warning and failure to adhere to the writing guidelines defined by the firm will lead to serious consequences that may include suspension. The company would highly regret such consequences and hence I advise you to consider my concerns in a positive and serious way. I am sure you will address yourself to these concerns and maintain a good working relationship with your colleagues and the firm at large. I encourage you to remain focused and work towards achieving the company’s goals. Indeed, if you have any questions or suggestions on these expectations, please feel free to contact me at the most convenient time. I am always pleased to address the expectations of the firm with you and I hope my concerns will help you to maximize your potential in this

Performance Measurement System Of Tm Berhad

Performance Measurement System Of Tm Berhad Performance measurement system is defined as a set of measurable criteria and methodology to enable performance to be measured objectively. It comprises of financial and non-financial manners to establish and monitor the progress of organization towards its vision. In the past, organization used the financial measures to assess the performance of senior managements while non-financial measures were used to evaluate the performance of lower level of management. It is inappropriate to use the financial measure to examine the outcomes and not well-suited for predicting future prospect as the outcomes are the consequences of past performance. Thus, performance measurement systems were developed to merge the financial and non-financial measures at all level of the organization in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the management. The best known performance measurement framework is balanced scorecard introduced by Kaplan and Norton in early 1990s. The balanced scorecard approach retained measures of financial performance on past performance and supplemented them with the assessment on the strategic planning in order to drive the organization towards its vision. It maps an organizations strategic objectives into performance metrics in four perspectives: financial, internal processes, customers, and learning and growth. The term balanced signifies that the system is balanced between internal measures of business processes, innovation and learning and growth and external performance perspectives measures for customers and shareholders. It is then followed by the term scorecard which signifies quantified performance measures. In a nutshell, balanced scorecard contains four main processes. The process of balanced scorecard is begin with clarify and translate the organizations vision into strategy. Then, the strategic management will communicate and link strategic objectives and measures. Next process is planning, setting targets and aligning strategic initiatives. Lastly, balanced scorecard enhances strategic feedback and learning. Organization quantifies its current performance to identify where it is on its strategic capability building journey and predict possible changing business environment in future. This information provides relevant feedback as to how well the strategic plan is executing so that adjustments can be made as necessary. This article is primarily discussed on the growing importance of balanced scorecard performance systems and exploring the issues faced by the organization in building and implementing balance scorecard systems. b. Challenges in Performance Measurement System The used of balanced scorecard is very helpful in monitoring the management of the organization but it is very challenging as the implementation is very costly. It requires some cost in setting up this system such as software licenses expense and installation cost. This will results in large sum of money being expense before profit is generated. Besides, the needs of expertise to implement a comprehensive and proper system will consequently increases the cost of management as well. Different business unit using the different balanced scorecard measures to achieve its goal. In general, balanced scorecard consists of two types of measure. There are common measure (measures across all subsidiaries or units) and unique measure (measure each business unit). The use of unique measures in order to carry out the system is tough because unique measures are significant in capturing the units business strategy. If the manager does not actively participating in evaluating one units performance, thus significance of the unique measures may not be appreciated. The four perspectives in a well-designed balanced scorecard form a chain of cause-and-effect relationships that determine the effectiveness of the strategy implementation. Proper implementation will results in excellent performance. However, it is not easy to identify and establish the cause and effect relationship. Inappropriate measure will result in negative outcomes. Managers realize and understand that there are strong linkages between customer satisfactions, employees satisfactions, financial performance, internal business process and companys learning and growth activities. Nevertheless, the balanced scorecard system does not provide the detail guidelines on to how to improve performance to achieve organizations goals. In addition, balanced scorecard system need to be updated constantly. This update is useful as it requires repositioning with changing of strategies or company structure in order to keep in pace with the complex business environment. However, constant updating of balance scorecard may be tedious and time consuming. Lastly, lack of integration and communication of the objectives of the organization at difference level of management would cause the lower level of employees cant see the big picture of the system. Implementation of the balanced scorecard requires commitment from all management levels, especially companys top organizational structure. Most of them refuse to coordinate in the system because they may view the system as a threat that implies they have underperformed in the past. c. Advantages of Performance Measurement System First of all, balance scorecard is very reliable as it clearly defines financial and nonfinancial information to all parts of the organization. The traditional financial statements has failed to confine accurately the type of measurements those companies need around a profit sector. This is proven when all the intangible assets such as quality of services and skilful employees do not show on balance sheet compared with the balance scorecard that shows all those intangible assets in the balance sheet. The value of a company will be invisible to the workers, shareholders, customers and the society due to the unwritten intangible assets in the balance sheet. Secondly, balanced scorecard is useful in evaluating and planning for long-term strategy. In a traditional method, organizations only focus on short-term financial measures while balanced scorecard include customer, internal processes and the growth in societys needs. It is useful in a longer term strategic dimension as managers can measure performance in building key capabilities and examining on the overall strategic workability. Thirdly, balance scorecard enhances strategic feedback and learning. In this process of monitoring the system, the management evaluates the present performance of the company, how the strategies are going on in the company and identify the potential changes in the unpredictable surroundings. This information is useful for the purpose of decision making to ensure the organization is achieving towards its goal. Fourthly, balanced scorecard could be used as a measure of employees reward performance. When the individual exceeds the particular threshold levels, they will be rewarded for the excellent financial performance. It is proven that balanced scorecard makes some improvements if compared with the past performance measurements systems that did not often measure the employees performance which link to corporate strategy. Lastly, the balanced scorecard attempts to evaluate both the internal and external aspects of the organization. It is important to focus on the customers views and the contacts that have been established in the market-place on order to build long-term relationship with the potential customers. The learning and growth perspective encourage creativity and advance in information system in order to response quickly to the rapid changing in the global market. d. Central issue of the articles The first issue is the implementation of balanced scorecard in an organization. Each company should have its own version of the scorecard as different companies require different measurements, which are essential in achieving the company strategy. The most commonly used measurement categories are financial goals, customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, productivity, and growth and innovation. A well-defined balanced scorecard should result in improved internal management system, greater customers satisfaction, educated employees and increased in financial usage. Identification, definition and integration of organizations capabilities with its objectives in all levels of the organization from top to down are essential to sustain long-term superior return in the competitive environment. Interaction within the organization is important to avoid optimizing the results of one business unit at the expense of others. In this stage of planning, setting targets and aligning strategic in itiatives, management will set ambitious but achievable targets for each perspective and initiatives are developed to align efforts to reach the targets. Lastly, the executives receive feedback on whether the strategy implementation is proceeding according to plan and evaluate whether the strategy itself is successful or control and corrective action is necessary to reflect real time learning. These four functions have made the Balanced Scorecard an effective management system for the implementation of short-term and long-term strategic planning. Besides, the four perspectives in the balanced scorecard are inter-dependent. It is not just a balance of measures in essential areas of the business, but also a balance of goals versus accountability. The reluctant of the people in the organization to accept accountability for achievement of the balanced measures and goals of the balanced scorecard will result in failure in balanced scorecard system. In the case study of Big W, has not only built competencies into each step of its performance management system but has now incorporated competencies in all position descriptions for store managers and buyers to extend their experience in areas other than that in which they are presently employed. Therefore, the human capital of the organization is the key to the success of the balanced scorecard system. The second issue is balanced scorecard will evolve as the culture change. Once the balanced scorecard is developed, it should immediately implement into the organizational system. It assists to link groups and individuals to the strategy by understanding the linkage of cause-and-effect relationship. This linkage enables them to understand the overall performance of the organization. For example, advanced in information system will leads to efficiency in information management and eventually save the cost of handling bulky information. Thus, the organizational culture is a one of the key factors of success or failure of implementation of balanced scorecard. Besides, organizational culture has also interceded entity learning. Entity learning is a driving force behind the successful implementation of balanced scorecard. The article mentions that there must be an understanding, commitment and support from the top levels of the company down to the lowest ranks. If there is any change in culture in any level of the organization, balanced scorecard performance will be affected. Therefore, new approach, new tings and new goals have to be developed and be adopted to make the balanced scorecard more balanced and effective. Management need to be alert with the changes in organization culture so that balanced scorecard system is designed in accordance with the culture. The next issue is customers play a significant role in determining the prospect of an organization. The customer perspectives in the balanced scorecard measure on how should the organization present itself to its customers in order to achieve its vision. The four perspectives that introduced by the balanced scorecard are useful to evaluate the overall performance of the business. In conjunction with this, customers are able to see the time dimension of the business that going from the bottom to top and the profitability of the past, present and future. Moreover, balanced scorecard includes the measurement of customers perspective aim to increase customer satisfaction to ensure the ultimate wants of customers are fulfilled. Thus, the objective of the organization must be always being designed according to the current market demand. Conclusion As we embark on the twenty-first century, managers are challenged by sweeping changes in the global arena. The implementation of balanced scorecard is essential to assists in the execution of corporate strategy in order to sustain in the competitive environment. Balanced scorecard encourages employees to act in accordance with desired goals of the company by reward them accordingly to their performance. Management has to be aware of the potential limitations of balanced scorecard and overcome the problems by designing the system that well-suited the organization. In a nutshell, balanced scorecard should be tailored for each part of the organization driven by the objective of the organization to make the balanced scorecard even more balanced and effective in supporting a living, growing, feasible organization in the competitive environment. 2. a. Introduction Telekom Malaysia is the largest integrated communications solutions provider in Malaysia and one of Asias leading Communications companies. Telekom Malaysia has officially changed its global brand from Telekom Malaysia to TM in 2005. The vision is to become Malaysias leading new generation communications by providing customers with innovative and excellent service environment. TM has a monopoly on the fixed line network, data, mobile, internet and multimedia. It combines satellite, terrestrial and submarine fibred-optic cable systems to facilitate the regional and international telecommunications. TMs core businesses are focused in Retail, Wholesale and Global Business. Besides, TM acquired Celcom and TMTouch to raise industry standards, provided product and service benchmarks in the country. Apart from that, TM Net is now the sole DSL broadband provider in the country. It offers a comprehensive range of services and solutions in broadband, data and fixed line. In addition, TMs investment philosophy is to play an active role in its international operations as well as to provide opportunities for wealth creation among the local population for social welfares purposes. b. Discussion of the Performance Measurement System used in the company. TM is using BSC to translate their visions and companys strategies into a set of measureable objectives that can be interpreted into some meaningful form as a check list to monitor the performance of the company. Basically, the BSC used by TM is an e-BSC where it uses an online system called MAPS (appendix) to allow employees to key in their performance according to different areas concerned in the scorecard and monitor by each division managers. The main concern of financial perspective will be to grow revenue profitably and to manage cost effectively, customer perspective is to delight the customers while creating the synergy with partners, internal business process is on execution of projects and plans on whether they are done effectively and the organizational learning and growth is to boost human capital execution capacity. The implementation of BSC in TM consists of three stages, which are business planning, performance cycle and then finally lead to a performance-based rewards system. In business planning, BSC and individual Key Performance Indicator (KPI) are developed in this stage where the KPI is used to measure the key performance in a specific division of the company. BSC is developed through a process of six steps which include: Firstly is to understand and develop the business strategic direction of TM and for example the vision of TM is to be Malaysias leading new generation communications provider, embracing customer needs through innovation and execution excellence and the mission is to strive towards customer service excellence, enrich consumer lifestyle and experience, deliver value to stakeholders and improve the performance of our business customers. From these two statements it is clear that TM is stressing highly on customers satisfaction and so its direction is clearly stated in its vision and mission statement (TM Annual Report, 2008). Next is to decompose those TMs visions and missions into smaller components called objectives that can drive the performance and measurable. With those components, TM Group top management now will be able to create a strategy map using cause-effect linkages for example, how an objective is dependent on another objective. A strategy map (appendix) is important in BSC as it is the fundamental part of it to achieve towards the objectives of the company and drive it towards the vision. In step 5 is to develop KPI (appendix) to measure and target to track strategic and operational progress of the company to see if it has achieved the desired outcomes of the objectives. Lastly is to identify the key strategic initiatives as a way to ensure the achievement of strategic objectives for example funding of resource and implementation mechanisms. In MAPS System, an individual employee will log into the system and key in their personal information and then the division scorecard will be displayed. This is the part where employees are required to submit their performance into the online system MAPS for the company to track their performance into a KPI template (appendix) provided in the system. Then, employees are required to choose the areas that are relevant to his/her field for each perspective. In the individual scorecard, the employee has to key in the target that is challenging but achievable. In performance cycle phase, he/she will then be required to key in the actual result and comment on the target. This performance scorecard will then linked to the reward system to reward the employees accordingly. c. Issues, Challenges and Advantages of BSC Issues The e-BSC used by TM is emphasizing a lot on the performance of its employees driving towards the vision and missions of the company which are mainly customers satisfaction and growth of the business. The biggest issue of BSC in TM is that it emphasizes too much on the internal business and performance rather than the quality of services provided to the customers. Each of the perspective emphasized by the BSC is not really focusing on the quality services. This is very important particularly for a service company like TM who provides telecommunication services to the public. For example does BSC implement by TM actually concern on the quality of its networks for the broadband services of TM Net, a division of TM? Measuring the quality of the services of TMs products is significantly important to be able to achieve the objectives of the company. Challenges A challenge faced by the BSC is where it could not answer some of the important question that a telecommunication company needs to know. For example, a manager can developed a set of measures for the scorecard, but it can never answer the question of what the competitors are doing out there (Andy Neely, 1995). This means that BSC has missed out one of the most important perspective which is the competitor perspective. In Malaysia, telecommunication industry is very competitive and TM is no longer the monopoly in the industry since the presence of other telecommunication companies such as Maxis and Digi. Thus, TM might risk itself if depend solely on the scorecard of not knowing what is happening with other competitors and might lose their market shares to them due to this reason. Advantages The BSC of TM has successfully provide a complete measurement on the four perspective which comprises of financial, customers, internal business control and organization and learning growth. Through the implementation using MAPS system, BSC in TM is done over the online system and electronically (e-BSC). The MAPS system provides a good way for the employees to set their own target, track their performance and finally evaluate their performance and give comments on whether is it hard to achieve the target. This is an advantage to TM as the managers from each division will be able to get direct feedback from the employees on their performance and able to report them to the top management to evaluate further on what can be done to improve and identify problems. This also enables long-term organizational learning at the same time to achieve continuous improvement on performance of the company. d. Recommendation Since the issue faced by TM is the quality of service, Total Quality Management (TQM) is able complement the shortcoming of BSC. A quality service is vital for a telecommunication company especially in such a competitive market in Malaysia. TQM is a type of performance system that is used as a long-term measure to reduce errors in a service or manufacturing process and focusing on customers satisfaction by ensuring workers have the highest level of training and modernization of equipment and limit errors to 1 per 1 million units produced. ISO 9000, the international standard defined that TQM as a management approach of an organization that centered on quality with participation of all members aiming at long term success through customers satisfaction and benefits to the members of the organization and society (Subburaj, 2005). TQM definitely benefits TM in many ways. It can apply this to the engineering of its telecommunication networks such as its fixed line division, cellular services division as well as the broadband division to improve the quality of services. Say for example, an uninterrupted broadband service for the customers that only allows 0.0001% of down time, same applies to the cellular networks and fixed line services. This definitely provides benefits and robust solutions to the company to enhance customers satisfactions on quality services. To achieve the TQM, TM must always from time to time send its engineers and other employees for training and make sure that they are experts in their field. Also, TM must spend more resources on its RD division, known as TMRND, to provide the latest equipment for the engineers to ensure that they have the best equipment to maintain the network to provide uninterrupted services. This is a long-term implementation for TM and it requires continuous improvement over time not only by the top management but also all the members of the organization working together. Also, TM will be benefited in the long run and enhanced its branding through attaining the TQM certification of ISO 9000. Conclusion In order for TM to remain dynamic in the globalization market, should always review its performance measurement system and constantly seek for improvement to better achieve its objectives and remain competitive. Performing well financially, increase in customers satisfaction, constantly improving the internal business process and improve in organizational learning and growth are equally important and TM has been doing well with its e-BSC and MAPS system. TM is also an innovative player in introducing new products and services such as the latest on the news, Unifi, a fiber optic solution for home and business which provide 5 to 20 Mbps of internet speed to the consumers and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) (TheStar Online, 2010). However, innovative products and services are nothing if the service quality is not good enough. Now is the time for TM to embark on a new challenge in providing quality service through the implementation of TQM in its organization to achieve long-term success and customers satisfaction.

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid Essay -- Movies Papers

One of the more popular movies of the 1960s was Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid , which featured Paul Newman and Robert Redford as the two titled Western outlaws. The film portrays the careers of Butch and Sundance, and how they were forced by the law to leave the Wild West for South America. In the last scene of the movie, the two bandits are shown surrounded by a bunch of South American soldiers after a robbery-gone-bad. Facing capture and extradition to the United States, the two badmen charge out of their hiding place, guns firing away. The film stops there, giving the impression that the two outlaws died in a blaze of glory with their boots on. However, did the real Butch Cassidy and Sundance Kid meet their end in some one-sided shootout in South America? Members of both men’s families, as well as some historians, believe that the two men survived the shootout and later returned to the United States. A number of men have claimed to be the notorious outlaws , the most credible being a machine-shop owner by the name of William Phillips who said he was really Butch Cassidy. Based on the available information, the debate could go either way. Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid both came from respectable families that were trying to make a living on the wild American frontier of the nineteenth century. Butch, born Robert LeRoy Parker, was actually the grandson of one of the original bishops of the Mormon Church (Editors 91). However, early on in his life, Robert turned to crime. He started out small, rustling cattle and stealing horses (Meadows and Buck 22). Robert Parker picked up his alias from his short career as a butcher. The name Cassidy came from Mike Cassidy, the con who taught Parker ... ...n all likelihood, though, no smoking gun will ever be found that says that the two men did indeed die in Bolivia. Butch and Sundance probably would have liked it that way. Works Cited Editors of Time-Life Books. The Gunfighters. Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books, 1974. Horan, James D. The Outlaws. New York: Crown Publishers, 1977. Johnston, Dorothy M. Western Badmen. New York: Ballantine Books, 1973. Meadows, Anne and Daniel Buck. â€Å"Running Down A Legend.† Americas. (Nov.-Dec 1990) : 21-27. Infotrac Expanded Academic ASAP. Patterson, Richard. Butch Cassidy: A Biography. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. Stewart, Gail B. Where Lies Butch Cassidy? New York: Crestwood House, 1992. â€Å"Wanted-Butch and Sundance.† Clyde Snow. NOVA. PBS. WUNK-TV, Greenville, N .C., October 12, 1993.

Goals: Goal and Long Term

Why are goals necessary in life? Goals are objectives set for one to achieve. They come in different types and different length of time. One can have a personal, academic or career goal along with long term or short term goals. There are many goals I would like to achieve. I have created my long term personal, academic and career goals. My long term personal goal I have set for myself is to stay connected to my parents and siblings. I also want to have a family of my own. My academic long term goal is to complete four years in college and obtain a masters or bachelors degree in Computer Analysis.My career long term goal is to get a job in Computer Analysis.. Who should be the most important people in your life? Your parents and siblings are the people that you should never forget. For my long term personal goal, I would like to keep a strong relationship with my family because they are the people who was there for me whenever I needed them. To keep a strong relationship, I believe I need to have an open communication with my parents. For instance, I would call them if I were to come home late or keep them informed of my whereabouts. I want a family of my own that I can provide for them with a good home and with a stable income.I believe to reach this goal I need a small step. I want to save money and keep some in a savings account that I can use later in life for my family. I believe to reach this goal I need a short term goal that I can concentrate on for a short period of time. I feel that I need to show my parents that I am a responsible person and that I can fulfill any responsibilities given to me. During this journey in reaching in this goal, we may come cross penny little arguments that may escalate into bigger problems but surely if I follow my game plan everything should be alright. Education should be the first thing in everyone’s mind.Since I was a child, I had valued education very greatly. It has always been a big part in my life. For my lon g term academic goal, I want to complete my fours in college and proceed in my academic career. To maintain this goal, I would need to stay focus on my school work and keep up good grades. I would like to maintain a GPA of 3. 5 or higher. In order to complete this, I would have to do a lot of studying and dedicate most of my time into school. In the meantime, I would like to keep studying hard and concentrate in school. I would make school my number one priority or challenge.One challenge that can break this goal is procrastination. I tend to keep putting off some homework and leave it to do at the last minute. This will cause major problems and infer with my goals. But if I tackle my assignments early I know I can overcome that challenge. My long term career goal is something that can make my life better or worse. My long term career goal is to find a job that would give me a stable and comfortable life style. I would prefer a job to be along the lines in computers. If I want a dec ent job in the lines of computers, I would first need to find a temporary job that can help me get experienced.For example, I would look for a job like in Best Buy dealing with computers and helping customers fix their computers. I can also work in an office as a technician who fixes computers or any type of technology machines. The only challenge I foresee in the up coming years is the limited amount of computer related jobs. But I know if I follow each of my goals to my full ability I can overcome any obstacle laying in my way. I believe everyone should set goals because it helps you be organized and on track of what you would like to achieve.People can have different types of goals and even different time length of goal. The goals I have listed in this paper are personalized goals to help me benefit my life in an easier way. From keeping a good relationship with my family to graduating with a degree or even to getting a job along the lines of computers, I know I can follow each o f these goals and fulfill it without any obstacle getting in the way. Even if some goals were short term or long term, I feel that I can achieve these goals if I put my heart into it and work hard everyday.

Communism in Russia essays

Communism in Russia essays Communism is a form of government where a society works toward the benefit of the community. When Russia rebelled against the monarchy held by the Czar, Lenin established communism as the new form of government. After his death, they appointed two new leaders: Lenins faithful follower Joseph Stalin and Lenins most liked candidate Leon Trotsky. But this was a bad choice for the Russians as one of these two leaders was corrupt. Because of this, communism in Russia failed. Communism works in theory, but it has yet to be proven. No country that has established a communistic government except us Smurfs. When Russia was a monarchy (power held by a king and queen and successors are next of kin), several underground factions grouped and contemplated a revolution. The leader: Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov (a.ka. Lenin). When the revolution over took the Czar, Lenin declared Russia a communistic country. This then lead to organization of private enterprises that would benefit the whole country of Russia. Of the many leaders under Lenin, two stuck out the most in the crowd, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. When Lenin started to suffer from cerebral hemorrhage 5 years after the takeover, people started to look for a successor. Leon Trotsky, a man of charismatic qualities, was the obvious candidate, but likewise Joseph Stalin was rapidly gaining control of the organizational levers. Before he lost his ability to speak, Lenin invited Trotsky to open an attack on Stalin. But Trotsky chose to bide by his time and possibly contemplating an alliance with Stalin. Stalin moved rapidly to consolidate his hold on the party organization and Central committee. Amongst this, Trotsky lost most of his opportunity for establishing himself as Lenins successor. He later recalled the reason for his failure was out of reluctance to assert himself while Lenin was still dying. Stalin had gained all this...

Finding Chi-Square Functions in Excel

Finding Chi-Square Functions in Excel Statistics is a subject with a number of probability distributions and formulas. Historically many of the calculations involving these formulas were quite tedious. Tables of values were generated for some of the more commonly used distributions and most textbooks still print excerpts of these tables in appendices. Although it is important to understand the conceptual framework that works behind the scenes for a particular table of values, quick and accurate results require the use of statistical software. There are a number of statistical software packages. One that is commonly used for calculations at the introductory is Microsoft Excel. Many distributions are programmed into Excel. One of these is the chi-square distribution. There are several Excel functions that use the chi-square distribution. Details of Chi-square Before seeing what Excel can do, let’s remind ourselves about some details concerning the chi-square distribution. This is a probability distribution that is asymmetric and highly skewed to the right. Values for the distribution are always nonnegative. There is actually an infinite number of chi-square distributions. The one in particular that we are interested in is determined by the number of degrees of freedom that we have in our application. The greater the number of degrees of freedom, the less skewed our chi-square distribution will be. Use of Chi-square A chi-square distribution  is used for several applications. These include: Chi-square test- To determine if the levels of two categorical variables are independent of one another.Goodness of fit test- To determine how well-observed values of a single categorical variable match with values expected by a theoretical model.Multinomial Experiment- This is a specific use of a chi-square test. All of these applications require us to use a chi-square distribution. Software is indispensable for calculations concerning this distribution. CHISQ.DIST and CHISQ.DIST.RT in Excel There are several functions in Excel that we can use when dealing with chi-square distributions. The first of these is CHISQ.DIST( ). This function returns the left-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution indicated. The first argument of the function is the observed value of the chi-square statistic. The second argument is the number of degrees of freedom. The third argument is used to obtain a cumulative distribution. Closely related to CHISQ.DIST is CHISQ.DIST.RT( ). This function returns the right-tailed probability of the selected chi-squared distribution. The first argument is the observed value of the chi-square statistic, and the second argument is the number of degrees of freedom. For example, entering CHISQ.DIST(3, 4, true) into a cell will output 0.442175. This means that for the chi-square distribution with four degrees of freedom, 44.2175% of the area under the curve lies to the left of 3. Entering CHISQ.DIST.RT(3, 4 ) into a cell will output 0.557825. This means that for the chi-square distribution with four degrees of freedom, 55.7825% of the area under the curve lies to the right of 3. For any values of the arguments, CHISQ.DIST.RT(x, r) 1 – CHISQ.DIST(x, r, true). This is because the part of the distribution that does not lie to the left of a value x must lie to the right. CHISQ.INV Sometimes we start with an area for a particular chi-square distribution. We wish to know what value of a statistic we would need in order to have this area to the left or the right of the statistic. This is an inverse chi-square problem and is helpful when we want to know the critical value for a certain level of significance. Excel handles this sort of problem by using an inverse chi-square function. The function CHISQ.INV returns the inverse of the left tailed probability for a chi-square distribution with specified degrees of freedom. The first argument of this function is the probability to the left of the unknown value. The second argument is the number of degrees of freedom. Thus, for example, entering CHISQ.INV(0.442175, 4) into a cell will give an output of 3. Note how this is the inverse of the calculation we looked at earlier concerning the CHISQ.DIST function. In general, if P CHISQ.DIST(x, r), then x CHISQ.INV( P, r). Closely related to this is the CHISQ.INV.RT function. This is the same as CHISQ.INV, with the exception that it deals with right-tailed probabilities. This function is particularly helpful in determining the critical value for a given chi-square test. All we need to do is to enter the level of significance as our right-tailed probability, and the number of degrees of freedom. Excel 2007 and Earlier Earlier versions of Excel use slightly different functions to work with chi-square. Previous versions of Excel only had a function to directly calculate right-tailed probabilities. Thus CHIDIST corresponds with the newer CHISQ.DIST.RT, In a similar way, CHIINV corresponds to CHI.INV.RT.

Reflection paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection paper 2 - Essay Example According to Marx, the proletariat represents the real revolutionary body free of conservatism, which developed and led to an open revolution, which withdrew the bourgeoisie. Marx asserts that the bourgeoisie attributed to the modern industry development produces its own destroyers and this leads to the inevitable success of the proletariat (Karl and Engels, 34). In relation to the communist manifesto, Marx asserts that the association between the proletariats’ labour and the bourgeoisie’s property ownership should be changed such that the right to own property can be transformed into another level of social class whose class character is eliminated. This implies that the communist policy requires that the labour will only exist to benefit the labourers in the society. According to Marx, the bourgeois stand against the communist ideology because of its intend and power to limit their freedom and more importantly remove the policy of private property. However, the communist policy dissented by voices, which argue that no need of working of private property is abolished (Karl and Engels, 69) On equal measure, other dissenters argue that communism will eventually annihilate intellectual products. This is not true, only that it reflects the bourgeois misperception. Marx affirms that the communist revolution is a sweeping rupture in the conventional property associations, which is attributed to the fundamental changes in the conventional ideologies. According to Marx, the revolution represented by the working class intends to make the proletariat the ruling class. This follows that the proletariat class will use its political supremacy to confiscate all the monetary gains from the bourgeoisie. Next, the proletariat will centralize the requisite tools of production to be directly controlled by the State. This will only be

Describe the ideas and influence of Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim as Essay

Describe the ideas and influence of Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim as these may relate to an understanding of management in society - Essay Example he thesis and antithesis in this he meant that in a society there were those who have control of property or goods that is bourgeoisie and those who work that is proletariat. He said that in these two groups there is conflict of interest as they have to define how a society has to be constructed. (Karl, 1989, pp, 78) This will mean that in such society there will be no owners of property and workers as this will be have dealt with. But the problem with revolution stage is that all individuals are supposed to be workers so that there are rulers and workers but it could not work because he later learnt that not all workers could be valued equally in society, this is because those who owned knowledge were seen to be in power in advanced societies. Therefore, indication of having equality could not work. But he said that with violent conflict then these two groups would completely do away with classes in society. He had a theory on capitalism, the means of production would result in violent of revolutions and the results in this would be an ideal society that is a communistic society. He came up with measures that could be used for reformation and they include: abolition of real estate rights, the progressive income taxation, abolition of inheritance rights, state ownership of the media, nationaliza tion of bank, confiscation of all properties belonging to enemies of communism, state production planning, equal obligation of all individuals to work, abolition of the distinction between town and free education. He said that with these changes then it will be possible to have a classless society. He believed also that human morality was determined by social structure of the state because the social structure was based on control of material goods and economics and therefore he claimed that morality is determined by means of production and distribution. (Hughes, shamrock and martin, 2003, pp, 35).He said that industry is the highest form of human